Risk Stratification in Arrhythmic Mitral Valve Prolapse (Mitral Annular Dysjunction)

 

Tissue Doppler Imaging - Mitral Lateral Annulus TDI

From Tighe DA, et al. Cardiac Ultrasound Today 2005;11(5):89-116.

(Click on the images to enlarge)

Normal TDI of Lateral Mitral Annulus

(S', E', A' velocities are measured in cm/sec)

Age-related change in Lateral Mitral Annulus TDI

(24 yr old on the left; 82 yr old on the right)

Lateral Mitral Annulus TDI

(Impaired Relaxation: E' velocity is lower than A' velocity)

Lateral Mitral Annulus TDI

(Restrictive Pattern: Both E' & A' velocities are reduced, E' velocity is higher than A' velocity though)